
Sessions and field trips sponsored by the GSA Sedimentary Geology Division and/or Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) for the 2009 GSA Annual Meeting, October 18-21, Portland, Oregon USA

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2009 GSA Seds and Suds Icebreaker and Forum
Student Forum: What can we do for you? Getting the low-down on what students actually need from professional societies these days. Saturday October 17th Hilton Portland & Executive Tower Pavilion Ballroom West 6:00-9:00pm |
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Joint GSA Sedimentary Geology Division and Limnogeology Division Business Meeting and Awards Reception (Cosponsored by SEPM), Convention Center, Tuesday, October 20th, Rm D139/140, 5:45-8:15 PM
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PARDEE SYMPOSIA | TOPICAL SESSIONS | FIELD TRIPS | SHORT COURSES
Click on link for a list of abstracts. (Coming Later)
I) PARDEE SYMPOSIA sponsored by: GSA Sedimentary Geology Division and/or Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
- P3. Earth et al.-Our Planets from the Hadean to Today
- Day and time: Tuesday, October 20th, 8 a.m. - noon
- Cosponsored by GSA International Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Planetary Geology Division; Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM); Paleontological Society; American Geological Institute; NASA Astrobiology Institute; Mineralogical Society of America; Geochemical Society of America
- Nora Noffke, Kurt Konhauser
- The evolution of life and its paleoenvironmental context from the Hadean to the modern: Earth and beyond.
II) TOPICAL SESSIONS sponsored by: GSA Sedimentary Geology Division and/or Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
- T3. Buried Valley Aquifers: from Bedrock to Sediment Hosted Tunnel Valleys
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division
- Hazen Russell, Alan Kehew
- This session will profile emerging knowledge and concepts of buried-valley aquifer geometry, character, hydrochemistry, hydraulics, and the importance of this setting for water supply and shallow energy resources.
- T13. Hydrogeomorphic and Ecohydrologic Consequences of Extraordinary Sediment Loading
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division
- Jon Majors, Jim O'Connor
- Many natural and anthropogenically induced events deliver sediment to rivers in amounts that great exceed mean annual loads. We seek contributions that examine the physical and biological consequences (at all scales) of extraordinary sediment inputs to river systems.
- T14. Sequential and Repeat Photography as a Tool for Earth and Environmental Science Research and Education (Posters)
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Geoscience Education Division
- Paul Bierman, Christine Massey, Jamie Russell
- Photographs document Earth's dynamic surface, revealing climate change and human impact on the landscape. This session will involve researchers and educators using images to study how rivers, glaciers, volcanoes, and other landforms change over time.
- T35. Cenozoic Lakes
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Limnogeology Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division
- Elizabeth Gierlowski-Kordesch, Broxton W. Bird, Nathan D. Stansell
- Many lake deposits accumulated under the influence of divergent and convergent tectonics as well as climate changes through the Cenozoic to today. Sediment accumulation patterns from cores and outcrops will be highlighted.
- T42. Convergent Margin Tectonics Reflected in Forearc Basin Sedimentary Fills: Integrated geologic and Geophysical Studies
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Geophysics Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM); GSA International Division
- Andrea Fildani, Jeff Trop
- Resolving forearc basin evolution requires integration of geological and geophysical datasets through time and space. This multidisciplinary session will explore new findings on diverse processes responsible for the developments of modern an ancient forearc basins.
- T47. Lithospheric Delamination, Continental Magmatism, and Crustal Uplift in Mountain Evolution
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA International Division; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Geophysical Division; GSA History of Geology Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division
- Yildirim Dilek, Paul T. Robinson, John Wakabayashi
- The aim of this session is to bring together international earth scientists o have a comparative discussion on the geological and geophysical phenomena and pertinent questions related to well-documented cases of lithospheric delamination in Phanerozoic and Precambrian orogenic belts.
- T49. Neoproterozoic through Cretaceous Evolution of the North American Cordilleran Margin: Contrasting Tectonics, Paleogeography, and Paleoenvironments
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division
- Christopher S. Holm-Denoma, Paula J. Noble
- This session is dedicated to understanding the tectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the Cordilleran margin from the Neoproterozoic passive margin to the effects of the onset of deformation in the Devonian through the Cretaceous.
- T50. New Developments in Understanding the Mesozoic Cordilleran Orogen: Linking Forearc, Arc, and Backarc Processes
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Geophysics Division
- Michael Wells, Mihai Ducea
- New advances in geochronology; geochemical, kinematic, and P-T-t path modeling; and plate kinematics and dynamics allow a better understanding of the linkages between forearc, arc, and backarc processes in the non-collisional Mesozoic Cordilleran orogen.
- T55. Tectonic Inversion: Characteristics and Mechanisms
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA International Division; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Geophysical Division
- John Wakabayashi, Mark Legg
- Causes of tectonic inversion are varied, and recently, much light has been shed on them. We seek contributions from around the world and from many disciplines to discuss characteristics and mechanisms of this process.
- T57. The Mesozoic and Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of Northwestern Mexico and the Southwestern United States
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division
- Paul H. Wetmore, Helge Alsleben, Keegan L. Schmidt
- This session will highlight the research efforts across a wide variety of subdisciplines aimed at understanding the tectonic evolution of northwestern Mexico and the southwestern United States over the past 250 million years.
- T66. New Insights into Development of the Upper Neoproterozoic-Lower Paleozoic Western Laurentian Passive Margin
- Day and time:
- Sponsored by GSA Sedimentary Geology Division
- Michael Pope, Christopher Fedo
- This multidisciplinary topical session will share and integrate new information about the development of the Late Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic passive margin of western Laurentia.
- T67. Sedimentary Geology of the Next Generation: Student Posters (Posters)
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
- John Holbrook, Daniel Larsen
- This session features student posters illustrating how the next generation of sedimentary geologists will expand our science in new and exciting directions. Best poster awards will be presented to students at the GSA Sedimentary Geology Division-Society of Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) awards reception.
- T68. Uplift or Climate Change? Evaluating Surface Uplift and Deformation in Light of Climate Change in the Andes
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division
- Joel Saylor, Andres Mora, Gregory D. Hoke
- This session will address paleoelevation in the Andes and how climate change could affect our paleoelevation proxies. It will also address the link between deformation and surface uplift.
- T70. Interaction of Tectonics, Climate Change, and Eustasy in the Development of the North American Cordillera
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Geophysics Division; GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division
- Kenneth Ridgway, Brian Hampton, Jeffrey Trop
- Evaluating the role of tectonic, climatic, and eustatic processes in the North American Cordillera requires integration of diverse datasets involving geochronology, thermochronology, geochemistry, petrology, geomorphology, glaciology, sedimentology, stratigraphy, paleobiology, structure, geodesy, geophysics, paleoclimatology, and modeling.
- T94. Impact Cratering from the Microscopic to the Planetary Scale
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Planetary Geology Division; International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP); GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Geophysical Division; Paleontological Society; GSA International Division
- Christian Koeberl, Jared Morrow
- This session welcomes contributions on any aspect of the study of terrestrial impact craters, from their formation to structure, from ejecta to shock deformation, from geological to biological effects, including comparative planetology, and recent controversies.
- T97. EARTHTIME: From Developing Tools to Teaching about Time
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Geobiology & Geomicrobiology Division; Geochemical Society; Paleontological Society, GSA Geoscience Education Division
- Samuel A. Bowring, Kirk R. Johnson
- High-precision geochronology is revolutionizing our understanding of Earth's history. We seek contributions related to exploring the limits of precision and accuracy of geochronometers, calibration of proxy stratigraphies, and new efforts at educational in-reach and outreach.
- T103. Geology in the National Parks: Research, Mapping, and Education
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of Geoscience Teachers
- Bruce Heise, Melanie Ransmeier
- This session addresses the role of geoscience in the National Parks. Presentations are encouraged on geologic research, mapping, surface and groundwater studies, paleontology, coastal geology, education, and resource management on National Park Service administered lands.
- T120. Darwin, Geology, and Evolution: Impact of Darwinian Views on Scientific Theory-Making
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA History of Geology Division, GSA International Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; Paleontological Society; GSA Geology and Society Division; GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division; GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of Geoscience Teachers; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division
- Yildirim Dilek; Michael Roberts, Leo F. Laporte
- This session will discuss and celebrate Darwin's thoughts and past-present impacts on geosciences and will also examine the implications of Darwin's theory of evolution on geology, biology, theology, and scientific philosophy.
- T125. Geochemical Approaches to Sedimentary Provenance Studies
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by Geochemical Society; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division
- Troy Rasbury, Sidney R. Hemming
- We encourage presentations on new and established geochemical/geochronological provenance tools for constraining geological problems, including mountain and basin development, weathering, dynamics of sedimentary systems, ice sheet dynamics, aridity and winds, river discharge, and ocean currents.
- T152. Frontiers in Coal Science: From Basic Research to Applied Technology
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Coal Geology Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; GSA Geology and Health Division
- R.M. Flores, Maria Mastalerz
- This session highlights recent advances in basic research on coal geology, including petrology, geochemistry, and sedimentology, as well as advances in applied technology on coal utilization, environmental issues of combustion, coalbed methane, and CO2 sequestration in coal.
- T154. Geoarchaeology, Reconstructions of Paleoenvironments and Past Human-Environment Interactions
- Day and time:
- Cosponsored by GSA Archaeological Geology Division; GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; Paleontological Society
- Kathleen Nicoll, Catherine Yansa
- Analysis of sediment and fossil records inform interpretations of cultural activity and late Neogene-Quaternary environments. This session welcomes interdisciplinary papers on geoarchaeology and allied methodologies that reconstruct past landscapes, environments, and the human footprint on natural systems.
III) FIELD TRIPS sponsored by: GSA Sedimentary Geology Division and/or Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
Link to Fieldtrips
- 402. The Great Missoula Floods and the Channeled Scablands
- Tues.-Sat., 12-17 Oct.
- Cosponsored by GSA Sedimentary Geology Division and GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division
- Richard B. Waitt, USGS-Cascades Volcano Observatory; Roger Denlinger; Jim O'Connor
- Price: US$515 (L, R, 5ON).
- This great circuit of the Channeled Scabland, Columbia valley, the Cordilleran ice sheet margin, and other areas provides a comprehensive view of the erosional and depositional evidence of the Missoula floods. We will explore evidence that there were 90 or more floods during the Late Wisconsinan glaciation and that their peak discharges ranged across two orders of magnitude. We will also explore different routings of floods governed by changing configurations of the Cordilleran-ice margin and see how two-dimensional hydraulic modeling consistent with all field evidence explains that even the greatest floods originated solely from glacial Lake Missoula. Our huge S-route winds from Spokane to the Cheney-Palouse scabland to northern Quincy Basin, Grand Coulee, the ice sheet margin near Chelan, Columbia valley, to immense floodforms near Wenatchee and Moses Coulee, including the site of a Clovis cache, across Quincy basin, to Drumheller and Ephrata scablands, to great scablands and floodbars of Washtucna coulee, and into Snake valley, immense bars in the Snake, to rhythmites near Walla Walla revealing scores of great floods, to the bottleneck of Wallula gap, and down Columbia valley and its gorge through the Cascades past great bars and scabland, ending among the great bars of Portland. Along the way, we will visit many spots familiar to J Harlen Bretz as he was developing the story of one great “Spokane Flood” in the 1920s.
- 411. A Tectonic Transect through the Salmon River Suture Zone along the Salmon River Canyon in the Riggins Region of West-Central Idaho
- Thurs.-Sat., 15-17 Oct.
- Cosponsored by
- David E. Blake, Univ. of North Carolina–Wilmington; Scott Giorgis; Basil Tikoff; Keith Gray
- Price: US$345 (L, D, R, 2ON)
- Trip Begins and Ends in Boise, Idaho
- This three-day field trip focuses on a west to east cross section through west-central Idaho, from the Seven Devils Mountains into the Salmon River Canyon. Billed as the second deepest gorge in North America, the Salmon River Canyon offers spectacular cross-strike exposures through mid-crustal levels of the Salmon River suture zone (SRSZ) and western Idaho shear zone (WISZ) in the Riggins region. Together, these structures record mid-Mesozoic to Cenozoic accretion of the Blue Mountains island arc with the ancestral western Laurentian margin, transpression in the WISZ, and Basin and Range–style extension. All of these tectonic features are localized along a subvertically oriented, lithospheric-scale, arc-continent boundary. We will view (1) different lithotectonic domains across the SRSZ, including Wallowa terrane arc volcanogenic and Norian carbonate rocks, backarc basin metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of the Riggins Group and Pollock Mountain amphibolite, deformed plutonic rocks in the WISZ, and Precambrian metasedimentary rocks of Laurentia; (2) polyphase fold-thrust belt deformation across a greenschist-amphibolite facies metamorphic gradient and the interplay between dextral transpression and partial melting of syn- to post-tectonic granitoid plutons; and (3) ductile-brittle extensional overprint of preexisting rocks and structures, including late Cenozoic Columbia River basalt flows. Quaternary mass wasting and terracing are prevalent along the river. The field trip honors the 40th publication anniversary of the reconnaissance geologic map of the Riggins quadrangle by Warren Hamilton.
- 415. The Chiwaukum Structural Low, Eastern Cascade Range, Washington
- Thurs.-Sat., 15-17 Oct.
- Cosponsored by GSA Sedimentary Geology Division and GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division
- Eric S. Cheney, University of Washington
- Price: US$345 (L, R, 2ON).
- This trip focuses on outcrops and scenic overviews of the Chiwaukum graben near Leavenworth, on the eastern flank of the Cascade Range. The ruling hypothesis is that the mid-Eocene, arkosic Chumstick Formation was deposited syntectonically in the graben. We will examine the following evidence for crustal shortening in what now should be called the Chiwaukum Structural Low (CSL). Compositionally, texturally, and stratigraphically, the Chumstick Formation is equivalent to the Roslyn Formation about 25 km southwest of the “graben.” The southwestern boundary of the “graben,” the Leavenworth fault zone, is marked by northwest-striking reverse faults and folds. Some conglomerates in the fault zone that previously were mapped as syntectonic Chumstick Formation are outliers of the regionally extensive, early Eocene, arkosic Swauk Formation. One reverse fault places folded Swauk Formation over younger and folded Chumstick Formation. Structural fabrics independently confirm the reverse nature of some faults. The northwest-striking reverse faults and folds are cut by northerly striking strike-slip faults, which partially bound the CSL. The northeastern bounding fault of the “graben,” the Entiat fault, fractures both a subparallel zone of mylonite in the crystalline basement and the Chumstick Formation. All rocks participated in broader and gentler folding of the Miocene Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG). This younger folding largely defines the regional map pattern, including part of the CSL.
- 429. Mesozoic Sedimentation, Magmatism, and Tectonics in the Blue Mountains Province, Central Oregon
- Wed.–Sat., 21–24 Oct.
- Cosponsored by
- Todd LaMaskin, University of Oregon; Johnson Ken, Art Snoke, Schwartz Joshua.
- Price: US$572 (L, D, R, 3ON).
- This trip will examine Upper Triassic to Jurassic sedimentary rocks of the Izee terrane and associated Paleozoic basement and Jurassic magmatic rocks in the adjacent Baker terrane. This will provide an opportunity for wide-ranging discussions of Mesozoic sedimentation, magmatism, and tectonics of the western U.S. and Canadian Cordillera. We will depart Portland at 1 pm on Wednesday and drive about six hours to John Day, Oregon, USA. On Thursday, we will visit basement exposures of serpentinite-matrix mélange and overlying Triassic sedimentary strata. We will traverse up-section through Triassic and Jurassic rocks that include olistostromal slide blocks and volcaniclastic turbidites and examine new detrital-zircon data that have implications for the tectonic evolution of the region and possible links to the Klamath Mountains and southern British Columbia. On Friday, we will visit Late Jurassic plutons and associated volcanic rocks exposed in the Baker terrane east of John Day. We will examine two compositionally and geochemically distinct plutons that record magmatism 157 and 146 million years ago and examine host rocks, including basaltic andesite flows and volcaniclastic breccias. Discussion will focus on petrographic and geochemical characteristics of the Late Jurassic igneous rocks, their petrogenesis, and their relationship to orogenic events in the Blue Mountains. We will also examine Mesozoic volcanogenic sedimentary rocks in the Dixie Butte complex and compare them to sedimentary rocks observed on day one. We will depart John Day at ~8 a.m. on Saturday and return to Portland by about 2 p.m.
- 432. Eruption-Related Lahars and Sedimentation Response Downstream of Mount Hood
- Thurs., 22 Oct.
- Cosponsored by GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division and GSA Sedimentary Geology Division
- Thomas C. Pierson, USGS-Cascades Volcano Observatory; Patrick Pringle; W.E. Scoot; James W. Vallance
- Price: US$79 (L, R).
- We will examine deposits of lahars and volcanic floods related to the last two (late Holocene) dome-building eruptions of Mount Hood, Oregon, USA. We will visit outcrops from about 15 to 85 km downstream from the volcano along the Sandy River to contrast and compare volcanic debris-flow, hyperconcentrated-flow, and water-flow deposits and to see how this fluvial system responded to volcanic sediment loading with significant channel aggradation.
IV) SHORT COURSES sponsored by: GSA Sedimentary Geology Division and/or Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
Link to Short Courses
- 504. Sequence Stratigraphy for Graduate Students
- Fri.–Sat., 16–17 Oct., 8 a.m.–5 p.m.
- Cosponsored by Division ExxonMobil Exploration Company, British Petroleum, and GSA’s Sedimentary Geology Division.
- Instructors: Art Donovan, BP Upstream Technology Directorate, and K.M. Campion, ExxonMobil Upstream Research
- FREE to students, who must pre-register. Limit: 55. CEU: 1.6.
- This FREE short course is designed to teach graduate students the principles, concepts, and methods of sequence stratigraphy. Sequence stratigraphy uses stratal surfaces to subdivide the stratigraphic record; this methodology allows the identification of coeval facies, documents the time-transgressive nature of classic lithostratigraphic units, and provides geoscientists with an additional way to analyze and subdivide the stratigraphic record. Using exercises that utilize outcrop, core, well-log, and seismic data, the course provides hands-on experience. Exercises include classic case studies from which many sequence stratigraphic concepts were originally developed.
- 506. Structural and Stratigraphic Concepts Applied to Basin Exploration
- Fri.–Sat., 16–17 Oct., 9 a.m.–5 p.m.
- Cosponsored by ExxonMobil Exploration Company and GSA’s Sedimentary Geology Division
- Instructors: Lori Summa and Bob Stewart, ExxonMobil Exploration Company
- FREE to students, who must pre-register; includes continental breakfast and lunch. Limit: 30. CEU: 1.6.
- This FREE course will explore concepts, methods, and tools of petroleum geoscience used on a day-to-day basis in the energy industry. The focus is on how we make decisions with limited information, evaluate risk versus uncertainty, and maximize value from integrated teams. Day one reviews fundamental stratigraphic and structural concepts; day two is an applied problem in basin exploration. Students will make play maps, bid on prospective acreage, and analyze individual prospects within that acreage. Throughout the course, we stress integration across disciplines and scales, focusing on interaction and expression of basin formation, fill, and evolution processes from regional to prospect scale.
- 511. Laser Ablation ICP-MS: An overview of the technique and a look at new advances in quantitative microanalyses for geological, biological, and environmental applications
- Sat., 17 Oct., 8 a.m.–5 p.m.
- Sponsored by GSA’s Sedimentary Geology Division
- Instructors: Alan E. Koenig and Todor Todorov, USGS
- US$315, includes continental breakfast and lunch. Limit: 40. CEU: 0.8.
- This course will cover the basics of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) as applied to a wide range of geological, environmental, and biological samples. Both fundamentals of the technique and applications to minerals, fluid inclusions, teeth, bones, corals, tree rings, rock, and ore powders and others will be presented. The instructors will cover the topics by including practical information about how these applications are tackled and what future directions are possible. New directions for laser ablation (LA)-ICP-MS, such as isotopic analyses by multi-collector ICP-MS, analyses of tissue samples, and single fluid inclusions, will be presented.
- 513. Teaching climate change and Earth history using ocean drilling data in introductory geoscience courses
- Sat., 17 Oct., 8 a.m.–5 p.m.
- Cosponsored by U.S. National Science Foundation, the Consortium for Ocean Leadership, and GSA’s Sedimentary Geology Division
- Instructors: Kristen St. John, James Madison Univ.; Mark Leckie, Univ. of Massachusetts–Amherst; Megan Jones, North Hennepin Community College; and Kate Pound, St. Cloud State Univ.
- US$30, includes continental breakfast and lunch. Limit: 35. CEU: 0.8.
- This one-day short course is for faculty teaching undergraduate introductory geoscience courses in climate change, oceanography, historical geology, or Earth science in which data and content on climate change, geologic time, age determination, and earth history are important. Learning materials introduced in the short course will be anchored in fundamental practices and discoveries of scientific ocean drilling research programs (IODP, legacy DSDP and ODP, and ANDRILL), and will infuse essential scientific observational, analytical, and synthesis skills, and critical thinking into inquiry-based classroom exercises for group work in both small and large classes. If you have questions about class content, please e-mail stjohnke@jmu.edu.
- 520. Using and developing historical image archives to investigate landscape change
- Sun., 18 Oct., noon–3 p.m.
- Sponsored by U.S. National Science Foundation and GSA’s Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology, Sedimentary Geology, and Geoscience Education Divisions.
- Instructors: Paul Bierman, Christine Massey, and Jamie Russell, Univ. of Vermont
- US$10; includes lunch. Limit: 40. CEU: 0.4.
- Images, including photographs and drawings, provide a powerful means of documenting Earth’s changing surface over time scales ranging from seconds to centuries. This course will show how images can be used to document a wide variety of Earth and environmental processes, including human impacts on varied landscapes, the effect of warming climate on glaciers, and the response of hill slopes and stream channels to deforestation. You will learn the pitfalls and promises of building your own image collections as well as how to interest students of all ages in earth science by using historic images to study change over time.