Patricia L. Corcoran¹*, Charles J. Moore², Kelly Jazvac³

1 Dept. of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7
2 Algalita Marine Research Institute, Long Beach, California, 90803-4601, USA
3 Dept. of Visual Arts, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7

ABSTRACT

Recognition of increasing plastic debris pollution over the last several decades has led to investigations of the imminent dangers posed to marine organisms and their ecosystems, but very little is known about the preservation potential of plastics in the rock record. As anthropogenically derived materials, plastics are astonishingly abundant in oceans, seas, and lakes, where they accumulate at or near the water surface, on lake and ocean bottoms, and along shorelines. The burial potential of plastic debris is chiefly dependent on the material’s density and abundance, in addition to the depositional environment. Here, we report the appearance of a new “stone” formed through intermingling of melted plastic, beach sediment, basaltic lava fragments, and organic debris from Kamilo Beach on the island of Hawaii. The material, herein referred to as “plastiglomerate,” is divided into in situ and clastic types that were distributed over all areas of the beach. Agglutination of natural sediments to melted plastic during campfire burning has increased the overall density of plastiglomerate, which inhibits transport by wind or water, thereby increasing the potential for burial and subsequent preservation. Our results indicate that this anthropogenically influenced material has great potential to form a marker horizon of human pollution, signaling the occurrence of the informal Anthropocene epoch.

DOI: 10.1130/GSAT-G198A.1

Manuscript received 3 Sept. 2013; accepted 8 Nov. 2013.