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Table of Contents - Special Paper 492

Google Earth and Virtual Visualizations in Geoscience Education and Research

Edited by Steven J. Whitmeyer, John E. Bailey, Declan G. De Paor, and Tina Ornduff

Introduction: The application of Google Geo Tools to geoscience education and research
J.E. Bailey, S.J. Whitmeyer, and D.G. De Paor		 vii

I. Data Visualizations
1. Channel widths, landslides, faults, and beyond: The new world order of high-spatial resolution Google Earth imagery in the study of earth surface processes
G.B. Fisher, C.B. Amos, B. Bookhagen, D.W. Burbank, and V. Godard		 1
2. Google Earth and geologic research in remote regions of the developing world: An example from the Western Desert of Egypt
B.J. Tewksbury, A.A.K. Dokmak, E.A. Tarabees, and A.S. Mansour		 23
3. Lidar and Google Earth: Simplifying access to high-resolution topography data
C.J. Crosby		 37
4. Enhancing usability of near-surface geophysical data in archaeological surveys via Google Earth
C.M. Williams, G.S. Baker, and B.A. Ault		 49
5. Workshops, community outreach, and KML for visualization of marine resources in the Grenadine Islands
M.E. Stewart and K. Baldwin		 63
6. Geoscience applications of client/server scripts, Google Fusion Tables, and dynamic KML
D.G. De Paor, S.J. Whitmeyer, M. Marks, and J.E. Bailey		 77
7. Designing interactive screen overlays to enhance effectiveness of Google Earth geoscience resources
M.M. Dordevic		 105
8. Geomorphological analysis of coastal depositional systems in SE Brazil aided by Google Earth coupled with the integration of chronological and sedimentological data by means of a Google Fusion Table
A. Zular, C.C.F. Guedes, V.R. Mendes, A.O. Sawakuchi, P.C.F. Giannini, A.P.B. Tanaka, M. Fornari, and D.R. Nascimento Jr.		 113
9. Visualization of spatial and temporal trends in Louisiana water usage using Google Fusion Tables
J.A. Nunn and L. Bentley		 127
10. Extreme dynamic mapping: Animals map themselves on the “Cloud”
E. Potapov and V. Hronusov		 139

II. Digital Geologic Mapping
11. The new frontier of interactive, digital geologic maps: Google Earth–based multi-level maps of Virginia geology
O.P. Shufeldt, S.J. Whitmeyer, and C.M. Bailey		 147
12. Automated export of GIS maps to Google Earth: Tool for research and teaching
P.L. Guth		 165
13. Transferring maps and data from pre-digital era theses to Google Earth: A case study from the Vredefort Dome, South Africa
C. Simpson, D.G. De Paor, M.R. Beebe, and J.M. Strand		 183
14. A test of the three-point vector method to determine strike and dip utilizing digital aerial imagery and topography
L.E. Hasbargen		 199
15. Applications of Google Earth Pro to fracture and fault studies of Laramide anticlines in the Rocky Mountain foreland
D.R. Lageson, M.C. Larsen, H.B. Lynn, and W.A. Treadway		 209
16. Geology from real field to 3D modeling and Google Earth virtual environments: Methods and goals from the Apennines (Furlo Gorge, Italy)
M. De Donatis, S. Susini, and M. Foi		 221
17. Creating Interactive 3-D block diagrams from geologic maps and cross-sections
P. Karabinos		 235
18. Terrain modification in Google Earth using SketchUp: An example from the Western Blue Ridge of Tennessee
J.S. Hill and M.J. Harrison		 253
19. Interacting with existing 3D photorealistic outcrop models on site and in the lab or classroom, facilitated with an iPad and a PC
M. Wang, M.I. Rodriguez-Gomez, and C.L.V. Aiken		 263

III. Virtual Field Experiences
20. Virtual fieldwork in geoscience teacher education: Issues, techniques, and models
F.D. Granshaw and D. Duggan-Haas		 285
21. Developing virtual field experiences for undergraduates with high-resolution panoramas (GigaPans) at multiple scales
J.L. Piatek, C.L. Kairies Beatty, W.L. Beatty, M.C. Wizevich, and A. Steullet		 305
22. Avatars and multi-student interactions in Google Earth–based virtual field experiences
M.M. Dordevic and S.C. Wild		 315
23. A geology-focused virtual field trip to Tenerife, Spain
N.P. Lang, K.T. Lang, and B.M. Camodeca		 323
24. Moving New York State Geological Association guidebooks into Google Earth
O.H. Muller		 335
25. Benedict Arnold’s march to Quebec in 1775: An historical characterization using Google Earth
B.F. Rueger and E.N. Beck		 347
26. Google Earth mashup of the geology in the Presidential Range, New Hampshire: Linking real and virtual field trips for an introductory geology class
J.D. Eusden Jr., M. Duvall, and M. Bryant		 355
27. Google Venus
D.G. De Paor, V.L. Hansen, and M.M. Dordevic		 367

IV. Educational Models, Learning Methods, and Assessment
28. Best practices on how to design Google Earth tours for education
R. Treves and J.E. Bailey		 383
29. Building an education game with the Google Earth application programming interface to enhance geographic literacy
Tsan-Kuang Lee and L. Guertin		 395
30. Developing a scope and sequence for using Google Earth in the middle school earth science classroom
H. Almquist, L. Blank, and J. Estrada		 403
31. Google Earth geo-education resources: A transnational approach from Ireland, Iceland, Finland, and Norway
R. Hennessy, T. Arnason, I. Ratinen, and L. Rubensdotter		 413
32. Using Google Earth to teach geomorphology
H.A.S. Dolliver		 419
33. Development of a web-based hydrologic education tool using Google Earth resources
E. Habib, Y. Ma, and D. Williams		 431
34. Oceanography and Google Earth: Observing ocean processes with time animations and student-built ocean drifters
A. Hochstaedter and D. Sullivan		 441
35. Testing the effects of prior coursework and gender on geoscience learning with Google Earth
J. Gobert, S.C. Wild, and L. Rossi		 453