Figure 4.
An empirical, conceptual framework for fracture-dominated landscapes resulting from glacial erosion, illustrated with pictures from various locations in the Tuolumne Meadows area. The effects of tabular fracture cluster (TFC) orientation (relative to ice flow), concentration, and clumpiness (or clusteredness) are considered. The best rock climbing in the Tuolumne Meadows area is associated with clumps of TFCs (middle of the diagram); here, erosion removed the more highly fractured areas, leaving the relatively unfractured intervening areas as ridges (if ice-flow parallel) and domes (if ice-flow perpendicular).