Page 11 - i1052-5173-32-3-4
P. 11
Seismological Research Letters, v. 77, no. 1, Horton, S., Withers, M., Cramer, C., and Withers, Snee, J.-E.-L., and Zoback, M.D., 2020, Multiscale
p. 74–86, https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.77.1.74. H., 2021, Source Parameters of the M5.1 Sparta, variations of the crustal stress field throughout
Figueiredo, P., Carter, M.W., Cattanach, B., Douglas, NC Earthquake of August 9, 2020, Seismologi- North America: Nature Communications, v. 11,
T., Hill, J., Kirby, E., Korte, K., Lynn, A., Mers- cal Society of America Annual Meeting: Seis- 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15841-5.
chat, A., Owen, L., Scheip, C., Stewart, K., Wells, mological Research Letters, v. 92, 2B, p. 1439. Stover, C.W. and Coffman, J.L., 1993, Seismicity of
S., and Wooten, R., 2020, Preliminary observa- Hough, S.E., and Page, M., 2011, Towards a consistent the United States, 1568–1989: U.S. Geological
tions of M 5.1 Sparta (North Carolina) surface model for strain accrual and moment release in the Survey Professional Paper 1527, 417 p., https://
w
deformation—A first documented M 5 instru- New Madrid, Central US seismic zone: Journal of doi.org/10.3133/pp1527.
w
mental earthquake surface rupture in Eastern Geophysical Research, Solid Earth, v. 116, B03311, Thomas, W.A., 2011, The Iapetan rifted margin of
U.S.A.?: Southern California Earthquake Center https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007783. southern Laurentia: Geosphere, v. 7, no. 1, p. 97–
Annual Meeting, contribution 10753, https:// Kearse, J., and Kaneko, Y., 2020, On-fault geologi- 120, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00574.1.
www.scec .org/meetings/2020/am/poster/007. cal fingerprint of earthquake rupture direction: Walsh, L.S., Montési, L.G.J., and Marin, A.J., 2015,
Gallen, S.F., Wegmann, K.W., and Bohnenstiehl, Journal of Geophysical Research, Solid Earth, Coulomb stress transfer and modeled permanent
D.W.R., 2013, Miocene rejuvenation of topo- v. 125, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JB019863. vertical surface deformation from the August
graphic relief in the southern Appalachians: GSA King, T.R., Quigley, M., and Clark, D., 2019, Sur- 2011, Mineral, Virginia, earthquake, in Horton,
Today, v. 23, p. 4–10, https://doi.org/10.1130/ face-rupturing historical earthquakes in Aus- J.W., Jr., Chapman, M.C., and Green, R.A., eds.,
GSATG163A.1. tralia and their environmental effects: New in- The 2011 Mineral, Virginia, Earthquake, and Its
Garihan, J.M., and Ranson, W.A., 1992, Structure sights from re-analyses of observational data: Significance for Seismic Hazards in Eastern
of the Mesozoic Marietta-Tryon graben, South Geosciences, v. 9, 408, https://doi.org/10.3390/ North America: Geological Society of America
Carolina and adjacent North Carolina, in Bar- geosciences9100408. Special Paper 509, p. 305–329, https://doi.org/
tholomew, M.J., Hyndman, D.W., Mogk, D.W., Machette, M.N., Haller, K.M., and Wald, L.A., 10.1130/2015.2509(18).
and Mason, R., eds., Basement Tectonics 8: Dor- 2004, Quaternary fault and fold database for the Weems, R.E., and Edwards, L.E., 2007, Post-mid-
drecht, Springer, Proceedings of the Internation- nation: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet, 2004- dle Miocene origin of modern landforms in the
al Conferences on Basement Tectonics, v. 2, 3033, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20043033. eastern Piedmont of Virginia: Stratigraphy, v. 4,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1614-5_36. Merschat, A.J., Carter, M.W., Scheip, C.M., Wooten, p. 35–48.
Hartzell, S., Mendoza, C., and Zeng, Y., 2013, Rup- R.M., Owen, L.A., Douglas, T.J., Figueiredo, P., Wells, D., and Coppersmith, K., 1994, New empiri-
ture model of the 2011 Virginia, earthquake Cattanach, B.L., Stewart, K., Hill, J., and Witt, A., cal relationships among magnitude, rupture
from teleseismic and regional waveforms: Geo- 2020, Surface rupture from the 9 August 2020, M length, rupture width, rupture area and surface
w
physical Research Letters, v. 40, p. 5665–5670, 5.1 Sparta, North Carolina earthquake and con- displacement: Bulletin of the Seismological
https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL057880. nections with bedrock geology: Geological Soci- Society of America, v. 84, no. 4, p. 974–1002.
Hatcher, R.D., Jr., Bream, B.R., and Merschat, A.J., ety of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 52, Wolin, E., Stein, S., Pazzaglia, F., Meltzer, A., Kafka,
2007, Tectonic map of the southern and central no. 6, https://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020AM-361227. A., and Berti, C., 2012, Mineral, Virginia, earth-
Appalachians: A tale of three orogens and a com- Munsey, J.W., and Bollinger, G.A., 1985, Focal quake illustrates seismicity of a passive-aggressive
plete Wilson cycle, in Hatcher, R.D., Jr., Carlson, mechanism analyses for Virginia Earthquakes
M.P., McBride, J.H., and Martínez Catalán, J.R., (1978–1984): Bulletin of the Seismological Soci- margin: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39,
L02305, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050310.
eds., 4-D Framework of Continental Crust: Geo- ety of America, v. 75, no. 6, p. 1613–1636, https://
logical Society of America Memoir 200, p. 595– doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0750061613. Wooten, R.M., Cattanach, B.L., Gillon, K.A., and
632, https://doi.org/10.1130/2007.1200(29). North Carolina Geological Survey, 1985, Geologic Bozdog, G.N., 2010, Geology of the Mills Gap
Hill, J.S., 2018, Post-orogenic uplift, young faults map of North Carolina: Raleigh, North Carolina area, Buncombe County, NC: North Carolina
and mantle reorganization in the Appalachians Department of Natural Resources and Commu- Geological Survey Report of Special Investiga-
[Ph.D. dissertation]: The University of North nity Development, Division of Land Resources, tion 2010-09-30, Technical Memorandum to the
Carolina at Chapel Hill, 130 p., https://doi.org/ scale 1:500,000. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USGS,
10.17615/rnrd-0d82. Rankin, D.W. Espenshade, G.H., and Neuman, R.B., and the NC Department of Environment and
Hill, J.S., Cattanach, B.L., Douglas, T.J., Figueiredo, 1972, Geological map of the west half of the Win- Natural Resources, Division of Waste Manage-
P.M., Kirby, E., Korte, D.M., Lynn, A.S., Merschat, ston-Salem quadrangle, North Carolina, Virginia ment, 19 p., 2 plates.
A.J., Owen, L.A., Scheip, C., Stewart, K.G., Wells, and Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Miscella- USGS, 2020a, U.S. Geological Survey: https://
S.B., and Wooten, R.M., 2020, Surface rupture of neous Geologic Investigations, Map I-709-A, earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/
the Little River fault in response to the August 9, scale: 1:250, 000. se60324281/map?dyfi-responses-10km=true&
2020 M 5.1 earthquake near Sparta, North Caro- Reinbold, D.J., and Johnston, A.C., 1987, Historical shakemap-intensity=false, (accessed 18 Dec. 2020).
w
lina: 2020 Southern California Earthquake Center Seismicity in the Southern Appalachian Seismic USGS, 2020b, U.S. Geological Survey: https://
Annual Meeting, contribution 10742, https://www Zone: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/
.scec.org/meetings/2020/am/poster/006. 87-433 (contract report). se60324281/moment-tensor (accessed 15 Feb.
Horton, J.W., Jr., Chapman, M.C., and Green, Ritz., J.-F., Baize, S., Ferry, M., Larroque, C., Audin, 2021).
R.A., 2015, The 2011 Mineral, Virginia, earth- L., Delouis, B., and Mathot, E., 2020, Surface rup- U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 2012, Central
quake, and its significance for seismic hazards ture and shallow fault reactivation during the 2019 and Eastern United States Seismic Source Char-
in eastern North America—Overview and syn- M 4.9 Le Teil earthquake, France: Communica- acterization for Nuclear Facilities, NUREG
w
thesis, in Horton, J.W., Jr., Chapman, M.C., and tions Earth & Environment, https://doi.org/ 10.1038/ -2115, 364 p., https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML1204/
Green, R.A., eds., The 2011 Mineral, Virginia, s43247-020-0012-z. ML12048A804 .pdf (accessed 6 May 2021).
Earthquake, and Its Significance for Seismic SLUEC, 2020, Saint Louis University Earthquake
Hazards in Eastern North America: Geological Center: http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/ eqc_mt/ MECH Manuscript received 4 June 2021
Society of America Special Paper 509, p. 1–25, .NA/ 20200809120737/ index.html (accessed 21 revised Manuscript received 4 Jan. 2022
https://doi.org/ 10.1130/2015.2509(01). Feb. 2021). Manuscript accepted 5 Jan. 2022
www.geosociety.org/gsatoday 11