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DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS tracks, crustal boundaries, and early salt Harry, D.L., and Londono, J., 2004, Structure and
The general consistency of large-scale distribution: AAPG Bulletin, v. 89, p. 311–328, evolution of the central Gulf of Mexico
https://doi.org/10.1306/10280404026.
anomaly patterns between models within Buehler, J.S., and Shearer, P.M., 2017, Uppermost continental margin and coastal plain, southeast
United States: Geological Society of America
the upper crust suggests that data selection mantle seismic velocity structure beneath Bulletin, v. 116, p. 188–199, https://doi.org/
is more important than model parameter- USArray: Journal of Geophysical Research, 10.1130/B25237.1.
ization, forward modeling and inversion Solid Earth, v. 122, https://doi.org/10.1002/ Hatcher, R.D., Thomas, W.A., and Viele, G.W.,
methods, and other methodological differ- 2016JB013265. editors, 1989, The Appalachian-Ouachita
ences. However, disparities in anomaly Chai, C., Ammon, C.J., Maceira, M., and Orogen in the United States: Boulder, Colorado,
Geological Society of America, Geology of
Herrmann, R.B., 2015, Inverting interpolated
amplitudes and the fact that the velocity receiver functions with surface wave dispersion North America, v. F2, 784 p., https://doi.org/
models fall into two distinct groups (which and gravity: Application to the western U.S. 10.1130/DNAG-GNA-F2.
is discussed in the GSA Data Repository and adjacent Canada and Mexico: Geophysical Hudec, M.R., Norton, I.O., Jackson, M.P.A., and
[see footnote 1]) present a challenge for Research Letters, v. 42, p. 4359–4366, Peel, F.J., 2013, Jurassic evolution of the Gulf
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063733.
geodynamic interpretations of the margin, Chen, C., Gilbert, H., Andronicos, C., Hamburger, of Mexico salt basin: AAPG Bulletin, v. 97,
p. 1683–1710, https://doi.org/10.1306/
for understanding the margin’s magmatic M.W., Larson, T., Marshak, S., Pavlis, G.L.., and 04011312073.
evolution, and for reconstructions of its Yang, X., 2016, Shear velocity structure beneath Huerta, A.D., and Harry, D.L., 2012, Wilson
pre-rift crustal and lithospheric thickness. the central United States: Implications for the cycles, tectonic inheritance, and rifting of the
It is clear that current 3D velocity models origin of the Illinois Basin and intraplate North American Gulf of Mexico continental
seismicity: Geochemistry Geophysics
margin: Geosphere, v. 8, p. 374–385,
are unable to resolve the geometry of some Geosystems, v. 17, p. 1020–1041, https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.1130/GES00725.1.
smaller-scale tectonic features of this 10.1002/2015GC006206. Huismans, R., and Beaumont, C., 2011, Depth-
region, such as the spatial extent of the Christeson, G.L., Van Avendonk, H.J.A., Norton, dependent extension, two-stage breakup and
Wiggins block, or smaller arches (e.g., I.O., Snedden, J.W., Eddy, D.R., Karner, G.D., cratonic underplating at rifted margins: Nature,
Luling, Waco, San Marcos), and to test the and Johnson, C.A., 2014, Deep crustal structure v. 473, p. 74–78, https://doi.org/10.1038/
nature09988.
in the eastern Gulf of Mexico: Journal of
extent to which magmatic input facilitated Geophysical Research, Solid Earth, v. 119, James, D.E., Fouch, M.J., Carlson, R.W., and Roth,
rifting in the northern Gulf of Mexico. p. 6782–6801, https://doi.org/10.1002/ J.B., 2011, Slab fragmentation, edge flow and the
This comparison serves as a baseline for 2014JB011045. origin of the Yellowstone hotspot track: Earth
future geological and geophysical investi- Clift, P.D., Heinrich, P., Dunn, D., Jacobus, A., and and Planetary Science Letters, v. 311, p. 124–
135, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2011.09.007.
gations in the southern U.S. by providing a Blusztajn, J., 2018, The Sabine block, Gulf of Laske, G., Masters, G., Ma, Z., and Pasyanos,
Mexico: Promontory on the North American
comprehensive assessment of currently margin?: Geology, v. 46, p. 15–18, https://doi.org/ M.E., 2012, CRUST1.0: An updated global
available S-wave tomographic models. 10.1130/G39592.1. model of the Earth’s crust: EGU General
There is a need for additional P-wave Cramer, C.H., 2017, Gulf Coast regional Q and Assembly, v. 14, EGU2012-3743-1.
tomography studies within this region boundaries from USArray data: Bulletin of the Lin, F.-C., Tsai, V.C., and Schmandt, B., 2014, 3-D
which, given the lack of regional seismicity, Seismological Society of America, v. 108, crustal structure of the western United States:
Application of Rayleigh-wave ellipticity
p. 437–449, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120170170.
is difficult but essential. Culotta, R., Latham, T., Sydow, M., Oliver, J., extracted from noise cross-correlations:
Brown, L., and Kaufman, S., 1992, Deep Geophysical Journal International, v. 198,
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS structure of the Texas Gulf Passive Margin and p. 656–670, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu160.
We thank two anonymous reviewers and editor its Ouachita-Precambrian Basement: Results of Liu, Y., and Holt, W.E., 2015, Wave gradiometry
Mihai Ducea for their thoughtful and constructive the COCORP San Marcos Arch Survey (1): and its link with Helmholtz equation solutions
comments that helped improve the manuscript. AAPG Bulletin, v. 76, p. 270–283. applied to USArray in the eastern U.S.: Journal
Thanks to Fred Pollitz and Cemal Biryol for Dickinson, W.R., 2009, The Gulf of Mexico and of Geophysical Research, Solid Earth, v. 120,
providing their velocity models to us directly and the southern margin of Laurentia: Geology, p. 5717–5746, https://doi.org/10.1002/
to the authors of other models for contributing v. 37, p. 479–480, https://doi.org/10.1130/ 2015JB011982.
them to the IRIS Earth Model Collaboration focus052009.1. Marton, G., and Buffler, R.T., 1994, Jurassic
(http://ds.iris.edu/ds/products/emc). Diegel, F.A., Karlo, J.F., Schuster, D.C., Shoup, reconstruction of the Gulf of Mexico basin:
R.C., and Tauvers, and P.R., 1995, Cenozoic International Geology Review, v. 36, p. 545–586,
structural evolution and tectono-stratigraphic https://doi.org/10.1080/00206819409465475.
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