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THE
VOICE OF THIS STONE

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by KEVIN SCOTT

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What do you cry when there MAY
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Geologic PRECAMBRIAN BDY. (Ma) 541 635 720
Geologic
Geologic
Geologic
Geologic
Geologic Time Scale Poster Time Scale Poster Time Scale Poster Time Scale Poster Time Scale Poster Time Scale Poster v. 5.0v. 5.0v. 5.0
AGES
PERIOD
ERA
EDIACARAN
PALEOZOIC
PICKS
TONIAN
(Ma)
TEROZOIC
AGE
Compiled by J.D. Walker, J.W. Geissman, GSA GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE v. 5.0 AGE (Ma) 750 EON NEOPRO- CRYOGENIAN 1000 1200
251 .90
254.14
EPOCH
STENIAN
259.1
CHANGHSINGIAN
AGE PERIOD
S.A. Bowring, and L.E. Babcock, 2018 MESOZOIC AGE PICKS (Ma) 66.0 (Ma) Lopin- lupian WUCHIAPINGIAN 265.1 268.8 272.95 290.1 1000 MESOPRO- ECTASIAN 1400 1600
CAPITANIAN
WORDIAN
~283.5
gian
ROADIAN
Guada-
KUNGURIAN
CALYMMIAN
TEROZOIC
298.9
SAKMARIAN
ASSELIAN
Use this colorful, poster-size PICKS AGE (Ma) MAGNETIC ANOM. CHRON. PERIOD EPOCH MAASTRICHTIAN 72.1 83.6 86.3 260 280 PERMIAN Cisura- lian ARTINSKIAN 295.0 303.7 307 .0 315.2 1250 1500 PROTEROZOIC STATHERIAN 1800
POLARITY
GZHELIAN
CAMPANIAN
KASIMOVIAN
MOSCOVIAN
HIST
BASHKIRIAN
version of GSA’s Geologic Time CENOZOIC AGE (Ma) 0.012 1 .8 70 30 C30 31 32 33 C31 C32 C33 LATE SANTONIAN 89.8 93.9 100.5 300 PENNSYL- VANIAN LATE MIDDLE SERPUKHOVIAN 323.2 330.9 1750 OROSIRIAN 2050
CONIACIAN
TURONIAN
EARLY
VISEAN
Scale (v. 5.0) to decorate your of ce MAGNETIC PERIOD EPOCH CALABRIAN 2.58 3.600 5.333 80 CENOMANIAN ~113 320 CARBONIFEROUS LATE MIDDLE TOURNAISIAN 346.7 358.9 2000 PALEOPRO- RHYACIAN 2300 2500
Scale (v. 5.0) to decorate your of ce
TEROZOIC
GELASIAN
PIACENZIAN
HOLOCENE
PLEISTOCENE*
ZANCLEAN
POLARITY
POLAR
ALBIAN
CHRON
CHRON.
C1 QUATER-
ATER-
AGE
A
or classroom. AGE (Ma) HIST HIST. . ANOM. ANOM. 1 1 C1 QUATER- PLEI PLIOCENE MESSINIAN 7 .246 90 34 C34 CRETACEOUS 340 MISSIS- SIPPIAN EARLY FAMENNIAN ~372.2 SIDERIAN
NARY
(Ma)
(Ma)
NARY
C2
C2
~387 .7
2A 2 2 C2A C2A TORTONIAN 11.63 100 APTIAN ~125 ~129.4 FRASNIAN ~382.7 2250 2800
3 3 3 C3 C3 13.82 BARREMIAN ~132.9 360 LATE GIVETIAN ~393.3
5 3A C3A C3A SERRAVALLIAN 15.97 110 EARLY HAUTERIVIAN ~139.8 EIFELIAN 2500 NEOARCHEAN
GTSPOS | 20" × 26" | $9.95 4 4A C4 C4 C4 C4A C4A LANGHIAN 120 M0r VALANGINIAN ~145.0 380 DEVONIAN MIDDLE EMSIAN ~407 .6 ~419.2
~410.8
PRAGIAN
~425.6
10 5 C5 C5 NEOGENE MIOCENE BURDIGALIAN 20.44 M1 M3 M5 BERRIASIAN ~152.1 LOCHKOVIAN ~423.0 2750 MESO- 3200
~427 .4
5A 5A C5A C5A 23.03 130 M10 TITHONIAN ~157 .3 400 EARLY LUDFORDIAN ~430.5 ARCHEAN
~433.4
GORSTIAN
HOMERIAN
~440.8
5B 5B C5B C5 AQUITANIAN M12 M14 KIMMERIDGIAN ~163.5 PRIDOLI SHEINWOODIAN ~438.5
~443.8
15 5C 5C C5 C5C 140 M16 M18 ~166.1 LUDLOW TELYCHIAN ~445.2 3000
RHUDDANIAN
5D 5D C5D C5E M20 LATE OXFORDIAN ~168.3 WENLOCK AERONIAN ~453.0 3600
5E 5E 6 6 C6 CHATTIAN 27 .82 M22 CALLOVIAN ~170.3 420 LLANDO- HIRNANTIAN ~458.4 ARCHEAN
~174.1
SANDBIAN
ARCHEAN
BAJOCIAN
C6A 150 M25 BATHONIAN SILURIAN VERY KATIAN ~467 .3 3250 PALEO-
6A
6A
20 20 6B C6B M29 AALENIAN DARRIWILIAN ~470.0
6C C6C MIDDLE ~182.7 440 LATE ~477 .7
7 C7 160 TOARCIAN DAPINGIAN
7A C7A C8 OLIGOCENE RUPELIAN 33.9 ~190.8 MIDDLE FLOIAN ~485.4 3500 4000
25 25 8 C9 JURASSIC PLIENSBACHIAN TREMADOCIAN ~489.5 EOARCHEAN
~494
9 170 460 ORDOVICIAN AGE 10
10 C10 ~199.3 EARLY JIANGSHANIAN ~497 ~500.5
~201 .3
11 C11 C16 TERTIARY PRIABONIAN 37 .8 RAPID POLARITY CHANGES EARLY SINEMURIAN FURON- PAIBIAN ~504.5 3750
New version | Same great price! 30 12 C12 C13 BARTONIAN 41 .2 180 HETTANGIAN ~208.5 480 GIAN GUZHANGIAN ~514 ~521 4000 HADEAN
~509
DRUMIAN
The Cenozoic, Mesozoic, and Paleozoic are the Eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. Names of units and age boundaries usually follow the Gradstein et al. (2012), Cohen et al. (2012) , and Cohen et al. (2013, updated) compilations. Numerical age estimates
and picks of boundaries usually follow the Cohen et al. (2013, updated) compilation. The numbered epochs and ages of the Cambrian are provisional. A “~” before a numerical age estimate typically indicates an associated error of ±0.4 to over 1.6 Ma.
RHAETIAN
AGE 5
AGE 4
Cohen, K.M., Finney, S., and Gibbard, P.L., 2012, International Chronostratigraphic Chart: International Commission on Stratigraphy, www.stratigraphy.org (accessed May 2012). (Chart reproduced for the 34th International Geological Congress, Brisbane,
15 13 C15 190 Epoch 3 AGE 3 ~529
35 16 17 C17 NORIAN 500 Epoch 2 AGE 2 541.0
Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L., and Fan, J.-X., 2013, The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart: Episodes v. 36, no. 3, p. 199–204 (updated 2017, v. 2, http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale; accessed May 2018).
18 C18 LUTETIAN 47 .8 200 ~227 CAMBRIAN TERRE- FORTUNIAN
TRIASSIC
40 19 C19 EOCENE 210 LATE ~237 520 NEUVIAN
20 C20 PALEOGENE CARNIAN ~242
LADINIAN
247 .2
540
251 .2
ANISIAN
45 YPRESIAN 220 Walker, J.D., Geissman, J.W., Bowring, S.A., and Babcock, L.E., compilers, 2018, Geologic Time Scale v. 5.0: Geological Society of America, https://doi.org/10.1130/2018.CTS005R3C. ©2018 The Geological Society of America
251 .90
21 C21 56.0 230 *The Pleistocene is divided into four ages, but only two are shown here. What is shown as Calabrian is actually three ages—Calabrian from 1.80 to 0.781 Ma, Middle from 0.781 to 0.126 Ma, and Late from 0.126 to 0.0117 Ma.
MIDDLE
OLENEKIAN
BUY ONLINE 55} http://rock.geosociety.org/store/
INDUAN
C22
22
Previous versions of the time scale and previously published papers about the time scale and its evolution are posted to http://www.geosociety.org/timescale.
59.2
THANETIAN
50
C23
EARLY
23
240
SELANDIAN
61 .6
24
C24
26 25 C25 C26 PALEOCENE DANIAN 66.0 250 Gradstein, F.M, Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M.D., et al., 2012, The Geologic Time Scale 2012: Boston, USA, Elsevier, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-59425-9.00004-4.
toll-free 1.888.443.4472 27 | 28 C27 C28 +1.303.357.1000, option 3 | gsaservice@geosociety.org
60
Australia, 5–10 August 2012.)
29 C29 REFERENCES CITED
65 30 C30
www.geosociety.org/gsatoday 33